Oil burning apparatus



April 20, 1937.

H. F. RODLER OIL BURNING APPARATUS Filed July 2, 1935 2 SheetsSheet 1 1 'INVENT?;

:ATTORNEY April 2), 1937. H. F. RODLER OIL BURNING APPARATUS Filed July 2, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 VJ WH m @M N w MWWMM m NW Patented Apr. 20, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 3 Claims.

This invention relates to oil burning apparatus of the blower or "gun type in which crude oil is atomized through a nozzle and mixed with a stream of air.

5 Apparatus of this type has been found preferable to oil burning apparatus of the rotary type for the reason that the rotary type requires persons especially skilled in the installation thereof, while oil burning apparatus of the 10 blower type herein considered can be properly installed by unskilled persons in accordance with simple instructions.

' However, oil burning apparatus of the blower type as herein considered, is objectionable in 5 that the fuel consumption is high, rendering the apparatus ineflicient from an economical standpoint; and heretofore such apparatus has operated with either extremely disturbing noises or there has been created an unburned mist of oil which passes up through the smoke stack and sets upon the roofs, porches and windows, walls, furniture, etc. of dwellings in which it is used. In order to overcome the objectionable noise, it has been found necessary to adjust the rate of air flow. However, the adjustment of the air flow to overcome noises, increases the oil mist above mentioned.

It may therefore be seen that heretofore there has always been present in the blower type of oilburner either one of the above two objections. These objections apparently have been caused by the manner in which the air has been mixed with the oil mist.

It is, therefore, an object of this invention to provide an oil burner of the gun or blower type in which the combustible mixture is so formed as to produce a soft, clean slow moving, self sustained gaseous flame, burning in suspension by the complete mixing of all the air with all of the ,0 vaporized oil.

A further object of this invention is to provide an oil burner of the blower or gun type in which the oil mist is ejected from a nozzle in the form of a cone and the air is passed around the cone 5 of mist in the form of a cylinder so that each globule of the oil is provided with an intimate coating of air.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a novel manner of mixing air with com- 0 bustible liquid fuels, which manner comprises substantially the forming of the air stream into a hollow cylinder through which the liquid fuel in the form of a mist is passed.

A further object of the invention is the pro- 5 vision of a novel manner of mixing air with combustible liquid fuels, which manner comprises substantially the forming of the air stream into a hollow cylinder, projecting said cylinder of air into a mixing zone, into which a hollow finely atomized cone of liquid fuel has been projected, 5 and mixing air particles with liquid. particles in an intimate manner to form a perfect mixture for initial vaporization, ignition and burning.

These and other advantageous objects, which will later appear, are accomplished by the simple and practical construction and arrangement of parts herein described and exhibited in the accompanying drawings, forming part hereof, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view, partly in section, of an oil burning apparatus of the blower type embodying my invention,

Fig. 2 is an end elevational view partly insection of the oil burning apparatus,

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on line 44 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 5 is a sectional view indicating the manner in which oil mist emits from a nozzle in the form of a cone surrounded by an air stream,

Fig. 6 indicates the shape assumed by the oil and air stream after emission, and

Fig. '7 is a schematic view indicating the manner in which a globule of oil is substantially provided with a coating of air.

Referring to the drawings, in Fig. 2, the apparatus is shown to include a base plate 8 of a casing 9 upon which is mounted a supporting plate In which has attached thereto an electric motor H and an oil pumping device l2. The electric motor is positioned to operate a blower of well known type mounted in a housing l3. The structure above described is common and well know in the art.

The plate Ill is provided with depressed portion It through which pass bolts I 5 each bolt having a head engaging the outside of the base plate 8 and a nut l6 above the plate "I, as shown in Fig. 2. Between the nut l6 and the plate It, the bolt is encircled by a compression spring l1; and a compression spring I8 also encircles the p rtion of the bolt between the plate I0 and the base plate 8. By means of this structure, compensation is made for vibrations of the apparatus during operation.

Connected with the blower casing l3 in any desired or convenient manner is a tubular member l9, through which passes a pipe 20 leading from the oil pump If. The tubular member 19 has mounted thereon a cylindrical casing 2| provided with a reduced portion 22a at the end thereof where ignition takes place. The casing 2| is mounted in the wall of the furnace. Mount- 5 ed circumferentially free within the casing 2| is a cylindrical member 22 having attached to the outer wall thereof a plurality of spiral vanes 23 which are spot welded at various portions to the inner wall of the casing 2| and space the member 22 from the casing 2|. It will be seen that the vanes 23 provide a rifling such as used in fire arms. The cylindrical member 22 extends from a point slightly spaced from one end of the casing 2| to a point spaced inwardly from the reduced end 22a of the casing 2|, 'so that air forced-through the member l9 will pass as indicated by the arrows between the vanes 23 with a whirling motion, and out from the casing 2| in the form of a hollow cylinder of air having a whirling motion. The end of the member 22 adjacent the point of entrance of the air is provided with a plate 24 which prevents the entrance of air into the cylindrical member 22; and the air is guided into the space between the casing 25 2| and cylindrical member 22 by means of a funnel-shaped member 25 which is attached to the plate 24 in any convenient manner and has passing therethrough a pipe 26, to the end of which is attached an atomizing nozzle 21, the latter passing through a plate of refractory material 28 mounted in the end of the member 22 adjacent the point of ignition. The plate 28 is provided with an aperture 29 through which pass a pair of electrodes 3| to produce an ignit- 5 ing spark at the proper time, said electrodes being carried by porcelain tubes 30.

In operation, the oil passing out of the nozzle isatomized into a cone shaped mist as indicated in Fig. 5, by the dotted lines 32. The air passing from the casing 2| is in the form of a hollow cylinder which later assumes a substantially hollow cone shape, as indicated by the dotted lines 33 indicated in Fig. 5. When the oil mist as indicated by dotted lines 32, engages the hollow cone of air 33, each globule of oil 34 as indicated schematically in Fig. 7 is surrounded by an intimate coating 35 of air.

Heretofore, in apparatus of this type it has been customary to pass the air stream in the form of a solid cylinder directly through the member 22 and over the electrodes 3|, thus in many instances preventing effective ignition due to the air passing directly over the spark. With my arrangement, the air stream does not pass over the sparking electrodes and there is nothing to interfere with the ignition of the oil mist at the proper time.

. When the oil becomes ignited, it has been noticed that there is created in the depression 36 in the refractory plate 28 a substantially solid disc of flame, indicated at 31 in Fig. 6. This disc of flame does not pass beyond the end of the member 22.

From there on the oil burns with a whirling spiral-shape motion with substantially complete combustion, and no unburned oil mist passes up the chimney or through the walls to cause dam- .irie to furniture and interior decorations and the It has been found that my apparatus will operate with no noise and completely eliminates all of the objectionable features heretofore inherent in oilburning apparatus of the blower or gun 75 p The right is reserved to provide the feature of a self-supporting flame resulting from my invention, in other mountings and forms of application than those herein described. My invention can obviously be employed without material modification, in combination with boilers, heaters, etc. with and without combustion chambers; and may be constructed with refractories or of materials other than refractories.

The foregoing disclosure is to be regarded as descriptive and illustrative only, and not as restrictive or limitative of the invention, of which obviously an embodiment may be constructed including many modifications, without departing from the general scope herein indicated and de noted in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. In an oil burning apparatus, a cylindrical member, plates closing the ends of said cylindrical member, a tube passing through said member, a nozzle attached to one end of the tube and passing through one of said plates, a cylindrical casing encircling said member, said cylindrical member having a plurality of spaced spiral vanes integral with the outer wall thereof, said vanes being attached to the inner wall of the casing to space the member from the casing to provide a relatively narrow passage, means to create an air stream in the passage between the member and the casing to cause a relatively thin whirling wall of air to be emitted from said passage, means to force oil through said tube and nozzle to create a mist of oil, and means extending beyond the plate through which the nozzle projects to ignite the mist of oil.

2. In an oil burning apparatus, a tubular member having the discharge end thereof closed by a plate of refractory material having a hollow depression therein, an atomizing nozzle projecting through said plate, means to force oil through said nozzle to create an oil mist in the depression in the plate, a tubular casing surrounding said member, a plurality of spaced spiral vanes interposed between and engaging said member and casing to provide a relatively narrow passage, means to force air through the passage to cause a relatively thin whirling wall of air to be emitted I the tubular member to provide a relatively narv 

